Self-regulating system of electrical distribution.



No. 849,644. PATENTED APR. 9, i907.

w. A. TURBAYNE. I SELPRBGULATING SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR.28,1905.

5? a. 77%, amm w H UNITED s'r rns PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAu A. TURBAYNE, or LANCASTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR To GOULD COUPLER COMPANY, or NEW YORK, \N. Y.

I SELFrR EGULATING SYSTEM ELECTRICAL DiSTRIBUTION.

Specification of Iletters Patent.

Patented April 9, 1907.

Application filed April 28. 1905. Serial No. 267,840.

- To all whom itmay concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. TUR- BnYNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Self-Regulating Systerns of ElectricalDistribution, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to self-regulating,

systems of electrical'distribution of the kind disclosed in W. A. Turbaynes patents, Nos.

757,695, April 19, 1904., and 787,012, Afipril' atent -led 11, 1905, and application for September 15, 1904, Serial 10.224505.

These systems operate automatically to cause the generator to furnish a practically constant normal current always in the same direction, notwithstanding wide variations of speed of the generator-armature and reversals in the direction of rotation thereof, and the systems are especially appricable to railway-car lighting purposes, where the genera-- tor is driven from one of the car-axles. The systems arenot, however, restricted to such use. In the system disclosed in said application the field-magnet of the main generator or dynamo is excited by an eXciter-dynamo, which is driven with a speed variable in an inverse sense to changes of speed of the main generator by a motor whose field-magnet is energized from an auxiliary dynamo, the ar- -mature of which is subject to the same changes in speed and direction of rotation as the armature of the main generator. storage battery is employed which is charged by the main generator and supplies current to the work-circuit when the car is not in motion or is running so slowly that the main generator does not produce the desired voltage, and the field-magnets of the auxiliary and 'exciter dynamos and the armature of the motor are excited by windings so related and adjusted, as fully explained in said. ap-

plication and patents, that the normal out-' put of the generator is not only kept practi cally constant over a very wide range of speed variations but is automatically regulated in accordance with the needs of the battery to prevent waste of energy and evaporation of the electrolyte and is also increased or decreased as load is added to or removed from the work-circuit. i

The object of this invention is to equip such a self-regulating system with double batteries and automatic means for periodically switching the batteries so that without also supplies the exciter-motor armature, in the present case as thework-circuit is always fed from the discharging battery only the discharging electromotive force of the latterwillbe impressed across the work-circuit, and therefore no furtherregulation is required.

' In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a self-regulating system of electrical distribution embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view showing a different position of the battery-changing switch.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in both figures.

A represents the main generator, the armature of Which is driven at varying speeds and may at times be driven in opposite directions; B, the incandescent lamps or other translating devices connected across the work-circuit I) I), and B B the storage batteries connected across the generator-circuit a a and work-circuit b 1)., as hereinafter explained. I

C represents the auxiliary dynamo, whose armature is subject to the same'variations in speed and direction of rotation as of the main generator and ich may for this purpose be secured to the shaft upon which the armature of the main generator is mounted. The field-windings C of this auxiliary dynamo C are preferably fed directly from the battery,. as by conductors c c, and are subject to the variations of voltage of the battery'as determined by its condition of charge or theymay be fed from a constant source.

motor and which excites the field-magnet of the main generator. he field-windings D .of the motor D are connected across the brushes of the auxiliary dynamo C by conductors c c and are energized by the current produced by said auxiliary dynamo.

The field-magnet of the eXciter-dynamo E preferably has three windingsa line-wire 'winding E, which is connected in shunt also the field-winding E in circuit when the main generator attains a predetermined speed, andG the automatic switch for similarly connecting the main generator into the battery and work circuit when a predetermined electromotive force across the main generator is produced.

The parts above briefly described bear the same relation. as the corresponding parts in said application and. Letters Patent and o erate, as fully described therein, to vary t 1e field excitation of the main generator in an inverse sense to and in a greater ratio than the changes in speed of the generator, thereby maintaining the output of the main generator practically constant throughout a wide range of speed variation in the main generator. The output of the main generator will also be regulated, in accordance with the needs of the battery and according to the needs of the work-circuit as determined by the amount of work which the latter has to perform:

The connections of the batteries with the enerator and work circuits are arranged as i ollewsz The conductors a and Z) of the generator and work circuits are interrupted and terminate in contact-pieces 71 h, which are connected by a resistance material 7L2. While the resistance is not necessary to the operation of the system, it issometinies desirable, as when provided the generator will furnish a portion of the current sup lying the translating devices, thereby re ieving the discharging battery an amount depending on the amount of inserted resistance. An electromagnetic resistance cut-out H has a movable armature h, which when closed, as shown in the drawings, brid es the contacts h h and affords a direct at i for the currentbetween the contacts h I and when open forces any generator-current to the work-circuit to pass from one contact to the other through the resistance 7L2. The magnet-coil of this switch is connected in shunt across the work-circuit,

saacae as by a conductor 72 connecting the conductors b and 6 and when the n'iotor-switchF is closed, which happens when the generator attains a predetermined speed, the magnet of the resistance cut-out is energized and moves its armature to open position, thus cutting in the resistance k closed position against the contacts h h by a spring if or other means. Any other automatic means for cutting in the resistance h when the generator reaches'a desired speed and cutting out the resistance when the generator falls below this speed can be employed.

1 representsa battery-changing switch, which preferably comprises stationary contacts & t, connected to the batteries B B re spectively, by conductors i i stationary contacts In Zc, connected to the cut-out contacts h h by conductors e and 7c and a rotating contact-drum, which .is divided trans- Versely into two insulated sections Z Z and which is rotated slowly while the generator is in action by suitable means. During one half-revolution of the drum' part Zthereof connects the contact t of the battery B with the cut-out contact Zc, so that this battery supplies the work-circuit through the conductor 9?, contact '2', drum-section Z, contact 7c, and conductor a, while the other drum-section Z connects the contact 6 of the battery B with the cut-out contact Zr, so that this The armature 71 is held in battery is charged by current from the gen erator passing through conductors c k contact Zc, drum-section Z, contact i, and conductor '5 During the other half-revolution the drum, as shown in Fig. 2, reverses the connections, so that the contact t of the battery B is connected by the drum part Z with the cut-out contact Z5, and the battery B is placed on charge, while the contact i of the other battery B is connected by drum part Z with cut-out contact 70, and this battery is connected with and supplies the work-circuit. Other switchin means for changing the connections'oi the batteries, as described, could be used in place of those above described.

The series winding E of the eXciter-dynamo is contained in the conductor (2, which con nects the discharging battery with the workc ircuit, and when the lamps are lighted or the work-circuit is performing work the current passes through the winding E in such direction that it acts cumulatively with the other windings E E of the eXciter-dynamo, explained in my said application, thereby regulating the excitation and output of the exciter-dynamo, and consequently the output of the main generator in accordance with the load on the work-circuit. The action of this series winding E" is the same irrespective of which battery is, discharging. When the lamps are oil or-the work-circuit is idle, some current from the main generatoi will pass to the batteries in parallel through the conducing-E then acts differentially and further decreases the field excitation of the exciter-dynaino, and consequently the excitation and output of the main generator.

When the main generator has stopped'or 1S running too slowly to produce a predetermined electrornotive force, for which the systern is adjusted, then the motor-switch F will open and demagnetize the magnet of the resistance cut-out switch H, the armature of which will be moved by itsspring to connect the contacts h h and cutout the resistance 71- 'Thetwo batteries are then both cohnected to the work-circuit and will jointly supply,

- the same, sharing the load in proportion to their capacities as represented by their condition' of charge; At the moment that the resistance cut-out switch H closes the battery,

which was up to this instant being charged by the generator, will by virtue of its higher electroinotive force furnish a greater portion of the current than the battery which had been supplying the Work-circuit, "and the former will continue to'furnish the larger share until the two batteries become equalized as to capacity, when the load will be divided between the two sets.

While the exciter-dynamo is preferably provided with the two windings E and E in addition to the series windin to enable the more perfect regulation of 51 system will produce desirable results if the windin E which is connected in series with the motor-armature, is omitted, providing,

as explained in Patent N o. 787 ,012, the char-- acteristics of the apparatus are such thatregulation will be effective without the additional winding.

. I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of a main generator, a work-circuit, storage batteries, an 'exciter apparatus for the main generator whose electrornotive force varies in an inverse sense to changes 111 speed of the main nerator,

e and automatic means, constructed to periodically connect said batteries alternately with the work-circuit to,;sup%ly the latter and:

with the main generator to stantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a main generator, a work-circuit, storage batteries, an excite]; apparatus for the main" generator whose e charged, subelectromotive force varies in an inverse sense to changes in speedof the maingenerator, and in a direct sense to cha es in load on the work-circuit, and means or connecting said batteries alternately with the Work-en cuit to supply the latter and with the main enerator to be charged, substantially asset orth.

3. The combination of a main generator, a

work-circuit, storage batteries, an exciter.

equally e system the apparatus for the mai'nigenerator having a winding influenced by current changes in the work-circuit for varying the electromotive force of the eirciter a paratus in a direct sense to changes in loa on the,work-circuit, and means for connecting said batteries alternately with said eXciterwind-ing and the work-circuit and then with the main gen erator, substantially as set forth.

' v 4. The combination of ainain generator, a work-circuit, storage batteries, an exciter a paratus' for the main generator whose e ectromotive force variesin an inverse sense to changes in speed of the main generator, and which has-a winding connected with the work-circuit for varying the electromotive force of the exciter'apparatus in a direct sense to. changes in load on the work-circuit, and meansfor connecting said batteries alternately with the work-circuit and said exciterwinding and then with the main generator, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a main generator, a workcircuit, storage batteries, an exciter apparatus for the, main enerator having a winding in series with t e woi:lr circuit-- for varying the electroniotive force of the exciter apparatus in a direct sense tic-changes in load. on the work-circuit, and means for connecting said batteries alternately with said exciter-winding and the work-circuit and then pitlilthe main generator;substantially as set ort I i work-circuit, a storage battery connected with the work-circuit, a second storage battery connected with the main generator, means for changing the battery connections "so that the battery in connection-with ;the

main generator is placed in connection with the Work-circuit and vice versa, and an excite'rapparatus for the main generator hav' ing a winding for regulating the voltage of thejexciter apparatus: said Winding being supplied by the battery which is'in connection with the work-circuit, substantiallyas set forth.

7. The combination of a main generator, a work-circuit, a storage battery connected with-the work-circuit, a second storage-battery connected with themain generator, automatic 'means 1 for periodically. changing the battery connectionsso that" the battery in connection with the main generator is placed in connection with the vmrk circuit and vice versafand'an exciter apparatus for the main generator having'a Winding for varying the voltage of the-exciter apparatus in correspondence vwith changes in oad on the worlechcuit, said windingbeing supplied. by the batterywhich is in connection with the work-circuit, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a main generator," a 'werkcireuit, a storage battery connected work-circuit, a second lstorage bafl 6. The combination ofa'inain'generator) a foo tery connected with the main generator, a tion with the Work-circuit, and means for resistance between the connections of the short-circuiting said resistance when the batteries with the Work-circuit and the main main generator is out of action or is not furgenerator, means for changing the battery nishing a desired output, substantially as set connections so that the battery in connection I forth ,With the main generator is placed in connec- Vv'itness my hand this 20th day of April,

tion with the Work-circuit and Vice versa, an 1905.-

exciter apparatus for the main generator WVILLIAM A. TURBAYNE. having a Winding-forregulating the Voltage Witnesses:

of the cxciter a'p aratus, said winding; being EDWARD C. HARD,

supplied by the liattery which is in connec- O. W. PARKER. 

